Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2015 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 7 Articles
Purpose. To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK), measured by Diaton,\nPerkins, and noncontact air pulse tonometers. Methods. Fifty-seven patients with a mean age of 34.88 were scheduled for myopia\nLASIK treatment. Spherical equivalent refraction (SER), corneal curvature (K), and central corneal thickness (CCT) and superior\ncorneal thickness (SCT) were obtained before and after LASIK surgery. IOP values before and after surgery were measured using\nDiaton, Perkins, and noncontact air pulse tonometers. Results. The IOP values before and after LASIK surgery using Perkins\ntonometer and air tonometers were statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found (P > 0.05)\nfor IOP values measured with Diaton tonometer. CCT decreases significantly after surgery (P < 0.05) but no statistical differences\nwere found in SCT (P = 0.08). Correlations between pre- and postsurgery were found for all tonometers used, with P = 0.001 and\nr = 0.434 for the air pulse tonometer, P = 0.008 and r = 0.355 for Perkins, and P < 0.001 and r = 0.637 for Diaton. Conclusion.\nTranspalpebral tonometry may be useful for measuring postsurgery IOP aftermyopic LASIK ablation because this technique is not\ninfluenced by the treatment....
Background. To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of orthokeratology for slowing myopic progression in children with a well\nconducted evidence-based analysis. Design. Meta-analysis. Participants. Children from previously reported comparative studies\nwere treated by orthokeratology versus control. Methods. A systematic literature retrieval was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE,\nCochrane Library,World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov.The included\nstudies were subjected to meta-analysis using Stata version 10.1.Main Outcome Measures.Axial length change (efficacy) and dropout\nrates (acceptability) during 2-year follow-up. Results. Eight studies involving 769 subjects were included. At 2-year follow-up, a\nstatistically significant difference was observed in axial length change between the orthokeratology and control groups, with a\nweighted mean difference (WMD) of ?0.25mm (95% CI, ?0.30 to ?0.21). The pooled myopic control rate declined with time,\nwith 55, 51, 51, and 41% obtained after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of treatment, respectively. No statistically significant difference was\nobtained for dropout rates between the orthokeratology and control groups at 2-year follow-up (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.22).\nConclusions. Orthokeratology is effective and acceptable for slowing myopic progression in children with careful education and\nmonitoring....
Retinal degenerative diseases are one of the important refractory ophthalmic diseases, featured with apoptosis of photoreceptor\ncells. Histone acetylation and deacetylation can regulate chromosome assembly, gene transcription, and posttranslational\nmodification,which are regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), respectively.The histone\ndeacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have the ability to cause hyperacetylation of histone and nonhistone proteins, resulting in a variety\nof effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis. Several HDACis have been approved for\nclinical trials to treat cancer. Studies have shown that HDACis have neuroprotective effects in nervous system damage. In this\npaper, we will summarize the neuroprotective effects of common HDACis in retinal degenerative diseases and make a prospect to\nthe applications of HDACis in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases in the future....
Ocular complications associated with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) are less studied compared with those ones associated\nwith systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Themain ocular sites involved in patients affected by discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE)\nare eyelids followed by orbit and periorbit, the least being cornea.The most common complications are blepharitis usually affecting\nthe lower lid and associated with some type of lid lesion such as plaque or erythematosus patches and madarosis. Few cases with\nLE profundus (LEP) and ocular complications are reported, but they are associated with orbital inflammatory syndrome and\nsevere complications. The main treatment prescribed is hydroxychloroquine with a dose of 200mg twice a day for 6 to 8 weeks.\nCorticosteroids are also used. Intervals between the correct diagnosis and the beginning of the ocular symptoms are commonly\ndelayed. Ophthalmologist should be aware of the ocular manifestation of this autoimmune disease....
Purpose of the Study. To compare the efficacy and safety of phacotrabeculectomy (P-Trab) and phacoemulsification with the ExPress\n(P-ExPress) mini glaucoma shunt implantation. Study Plan. Prospective randomized study. Material and Methods. 85 eyes with\ncataract and unregulated open angle glaucoma. There were 46 eyes in the P-ExPress and 39 the P-Trab group. Intraocular pressure\n(IOP), the number of antiglaucoma medications, qualified and complete surgical success (defined as IOP ? 18.0mmHg), visual\nacuity (CDVA), the number of endothelial cells, and postoperative complications and additional procedures were assessed. Results.\nAfter 12 months of observation, the average IOP in the P-Express group went from 26.4 �± 9.3 down to 17.1 �± 5mmHg (P < 0.05) and\nfrom 27.9 �± 12.9 down to 15.9 �± 2.7mmHg in the P-Trab group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in the amount of medications\nused after surgery and CDVA were discovered between the groups. In the P-ExPress group, greater loss of endothelial cells was\nnoted (CDloss%), compared to the P-Trab group. Conclusions. Both P-ExPress and P-Trab have comparable efficacy and similar\nearly postoperative complication profile. The presence of additional implant (as is the case of the ExPress mini glaucoma shunt\nimplantation) may cause progressive loss of endothelial cells....
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ???? (PPAR ????), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a ligand-activated\ntranscription factor that plays an important role in the control of a variety of physiological processes. The last decade has witnessed\nan increasing interest for the role played by the agonists of PPAR ???? in antiangiogenesis, antifibrosis, anti-inflammation effects and\nin controlling oxidative stress response in various organs. As the pathologic mechanisms of major blinding diseases, such as agerelated\nmacular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), keratitis, and optic neuropathy, often involve neoangiogenesis\nand inflammation- and oxidative stress-mediated cell death, evidences are accumulating on the potential benefits of PPAR ???? to\nimprove or prevent these vision threatening eye diseases. In this paper we describe what is known about the role of PPAR ???? in the\nocular pathophysiological processes and PPAR ???? agonists as novel adjuvants in the treatment of eye diseases....
Purpose. To compare the outcomes of trabeculectomy with and without Healaflow (Anteis S.A, Geneva, Switzerland), a high\nmolecular weight viscoelastic gel, in patients requiring glaucoma surgery. Methods. This was a retrospective, comparative,\ninterventional case-control study. Forty patients formed two matched study groups and were analyzed (trabeculectomy alone\n(control) versus trabeculectomy with Healaflow (study)). Results. The postoperative levels of mean IOP were statistically\nsignificantly lower (P < 0.05) than preoperatively in both groups, for all time intervals. There was no statistical difference, at\nthe end of the follow-up period, between the two groups in the mean values of the IOP (14.9 �± 3.2mmHg for the study group\nversus 14.8 �± 3.3mmHg for the control group). The number of antiglaucoma drugs used in the study group was reduced from a\npreoperative mean of 3.4 �± 0.75 to a 6-month postoperative mean of 0.6 �± 0.8 (P < 0.001) and in the control group from 3.6 �±\n0.59 to 0.55 �± 0.9 (P < 0.001). Conclusions. Although trabeculectomy with Healaflow appears to be a safe procedure, we failed to\nidentify any significant advantages in the use of Healaflow when compared with trabeculectomy alone, at the end of the 6-month\nfollow-up period....
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